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deo)等。
网络辅导的显著优点是不受时间、空间限制,实施方便、经济、易于记录和保存、有利于督导和研究。但网络服务也有其局限,例如,电子布告和网上测验无法针对个人问题进行辅导治疗;电子邮件,线上交谈和网络电话只能算是信函辅导或电话辅导,其效果比面对面(face to face)地深入交谈要差得多。在上述几种方式中,只有即时视听与传统的个别辅导治疗效果接近,但由于技术及经济的原因,短期内恐难普及。目前的多数心理网站只能进行以提供知识、信息和建议为主的咨询服务,还无法实施严格意义上的心理辅导与治疗。所以将这种服务称作网络咨询(web consultation)才名实相符。
网络心理学服务兴起不久,各个专业组织便对其伦理问题给予了密切关注。例如,美国注册辅导师全国委员会(National Board for Certified Counselor,NBCC)在1995年成立专门小组,研究网络辅导的发展及可能涉及的伦理问题,并于三年后公布了网络辅导伦理守则(Standards for the ethical practice of web counseling),其中包括保密、伤害、收费等问题共13条,尽管备受争议,但毕竟为促进网络辅导的健康发展迈出了可喜的一步。
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